A Nonqualified Stock Option (NSO) is a type of stock option that does not qualify for favorable tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code. This means that the employee who exercises an NSO must pay ordinary income tax on the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of the stock at the time of exercise.

NSOs are typically used to compensate employees, directors, and consultants who are not eligible to receive Incentive Stock Options (ISOs). NSOs are simpler and easier to administer than ISOs, but they are subject to more restrictions and can result in higher taxes for the recipient.

In general, the grantor (usually the employer) has the right to determine the exercise price, vesting period, and other terms of an NSO. The recipient does not receive any special tax treatment until they exercise the option and purchase the stock. At that point, the recipient must report the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of the stock as ordinary income on their tax return.

https://bambridgeaccountants.com/uk-tax-1/2021/12/8/everything-you-need-to-know-about-non-qualified-stock-options

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtDvuEo9KjA

Automated Clearing House (ACH) is an electronic network for financial transactions in the United States. It is a system that processes large volumes of both credit and debit transactions in batches. ACH transactions include direct deposit of payroll, pre-authorized debits from a bank account, electronic checks, and tax payments. The transactions are processed through the Federal Reserve Bank or a private-sector ACH operator.

ACH transactions are often used as a cost-effective alternative to paper checks or wire transfers. They are also faster than traditional checks and provide a more secure way of transferring funds, as there is no need to physically handle paper checks or send sensitive information over the internet.

The use of ACH has become increasingly popular over the years, as it offers a convenient and efficient way for individuals and businesses to make and receive payments.

https://www.fiscal.treasury.gov/ach/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1at6vOdqZI

The Annual Percentage Rate (APR) is a standardized way of calculating the cost of borrowing money or the interest rate on a loan, including mortgage loans, car loans, credit card debts, and other types of loans. It expresses the cost of credit as a yearly rate and takes into account not only the interest rate but also other fees and charges associated with the loan. The APR provides a more comprehensive measure of the cost of credit and makes it easier for consumers to compare different loans and credit products. The APR can be higher than the nominal interest rate, which only reflects the interest charged on the loan and does not include any fees or charges.

https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/what-is-the-difference-between-an-interest-rate-and-the-annual-percentage-rate-apr-in-an-auto-loan-en-733/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9IW58koYJs

The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is a statistical measure that represents the annual growth rate of an investment over a specified period of time. It is expressed as a percentage and is used to smooth out fluctuations in the annual growth rate over time. CAGR is calculated by dividing the value of an investment at the end of the period by its value at the beginning of the period, raised to the power of one divided by the number of years in the period, and then subtracting one. The formula for CAGR is:

CAGR = (End Value / Start Value)^(1/n) - 1

where "End Value" is the value of the investment at the end of the period, "Start Value" is the value of the investment at the beginning of the period, and "n" is the number of years in the period. The CAGR is a useful measure for comparing the performance of different investments over time and for projecting future growth rates.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cagr.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2mlD8Sf-fM

A Certificate of Deposit (CD) is a type of savings account that is offered by banks and credit unions. Unlike a traditional savings account, which allows for easy access to funds, a CD requires the depositor to keep their money in the account for a specified period of time, known as the term. In exchange for this commitment, CDs generally offer a higher interest rate than savings accounts. The interest rate on a CD is fixed, which means that the rate will not change over the course of the term. When the term ends, the depositor can either withdraw the funds and any accumulated interest, or roll over the CD into a new term. CDs are considered to be a low-risk investment option and are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to the maximum allowed limit.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/certificateofdeposit.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3cgMofw-rc

A Certified Financial Planner (CFP) is a professional designation that is awarded to individuals who have met the educational, examination, experience, and ethical requirements set by the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. CFP professionals are trained to provide comprehensive financial planning services to individuals and families, covering areas such as retirement planning, investment planning, insurance planning, tax planning, and estate planning. The CFP designation is widely recognized as a symbol of excellence in financial planning and is considered the gold standard in the financial planning industry. To become a CFP, individuals must complete a course of study approved by the CFP Board and pass a comprehensive certification exam. They must also adhere to a strict code of ethics and meet continuing education requirements to maintain the designation.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cfp.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQDWT570Bcw

"DINK" is an acronym used to describe a household where both partners have an income and do not have children. This term is often used to describe a demographic group that is characterized by their high level of disposable income and their focus on spending on themselves and their lifestyle, rather than on supporting a family. People in this demographic may be focused on saving for the future, traveling, pursuing hobbies or other interests, or simply enjoying a more carefree lifestyle.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DINK

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vY0vR_XYqfw

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), also known as the Dow Jones or simply the Dow, is a stock market index that measures the performance of 30 large, publicly traded companies in the United States. It was created by Charles Dow, co-founder of the Wall Street Journal, and was first published in 1896.

The DJIA is considered to be one of the most widely followed equity indices in the world and is often used as a barometer for the overall health of the US stock market and the economy. The DJIA is calculated as the sum of the prices of the 30 stocks, divided by a divisor, which is adjusted to account for stock splits and other corporate actions.

While the DJIA is not a perfect measure of the stock market or the economy, it is still widely used as a benchmark and its performance is often used to represent the performance of the stock market as a whole.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3tbZ5MbZwo

Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) is a type of financial transaction in which money is transferred electronically from one bank account to another. It is a convenient and secure way to move funds without the need for physical checks or cash. EFT transactions can be initiated through various channels such as online banking, mobile banking, automatic bill payment, direct deposit, and more. Some common examples of EFT transactions include direct deposit of payroll, automatic bill payment for utilities, and online purchases. These transactions are processed through a network of financial institutions, which facilitates the transfer of funds from the sender's account to the recipient's account.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_funds_transfer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CXfDSwPVz4

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) refers to three key factors that investors consider when evaluating the sustainability and societal impact of an investment. These factors help investors assess a company's performance in relation to environmental protection, social responsibility, and corporate governance.

Environmental factors include a company's carbon footprint, waste management practices, and efforts to reduce pollution. Social factors include a company's policies and practices on issues such as diversity and inclusion, labor rights, and human rights. Governance factors include a company's transparency, accountability, and ethical behavior.

Investors who prioritize ESG considerations believe that companies that perform well in these areas are more likely to generate long-term value and stability, and that they may avoid negative consequences, such as fines or reputational damage, that could arise from poor ESG performance. ESG investing has become increasingly popular in recent years, and there are now a growing number of financial products that focus specifically on ESG criteria.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPFuOUX5g0E

An Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund and exchange-traded product, with shares that are tradeable on a stock exchange. An ETF holds assets such as stocks, bonds, commodities, or a combination of these, and aims to track the performance of a specific index. The idea behind ETFs is to provide investors with an easy and cost-effective way to invest in a diversified portfolio of assets, giving them exposure to a broad range of markets, sectors, and investment styles.

ETFs offer several benefits to investors, including low costs, flexibility, transparency, and ease of trading. They are typically cheaper to invest in than actively managed funds, and they provide real-time pricing and can be bought or sold at any time during the trading day, just like a stock. Additionally, ETFs are highly transparent, as they are required to publish their holdings on a daily basis.

There are many different types of ETFs available, ranging from those that track major market indices to those that focus on specific sectors or investment styles, such as technology, healthcare, or emerging markets. Some ETFs are passive, meaning they simply track an index, while others are actively managed and aim to outperform a benchmark through expert stock picking and market timing.

In conclusion, ETFs can be a convenient and cost-effective way for investors to gain exposure to a diverse range of assets and investment styles. However, as with any investment, it's important to carefully consider the risks and potential benefits before making a decision.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/etf.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FM6KnD75QrE

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent U.S. government agency created in 1933. Its main purpose is to provide insurance protection to depositors in case of the failure of a member bank. The FDIC insures deposits up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category. This insurance protection helps to ensure public confidence in the nation's banking system and promotes stability in the financial system. In addition to providing deposit insurance, the FDIC also works to promote the safety and soundness of insured financial institutions and to limit the extent of losses to the Deposit Insurance Fund. The FDIC is funded by assessments on insured banks and thrift institutions, and does not receive any tax dollars.

https://www.fdic.gov/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3EDRLkk8DI

FIRE (Financially Independent, Retire Early) is a financial movement that aims to help people achieve financial independence and retire earlier than the traditional retirement age. The basic idea behind FIRE is to save and invest a large portion of one's income, live frugally, and minimize debt, so that the investment returns can provide enough passive income to cover living expenses. The ultimate goal is to reach financial independence, which means having enough savings and passive income to cover basic living expenses without relying on traditional sources of income, such as a full-time job.

FIRE followers aim to achieve financial independence as early as possible, often in their 30s or 40s, so they can retire early and enjoy the freedom to pursue other interests, travel, or spend more time with family.

While FIRE is a noble goal and can be achievable with careful planning and disciplined saving and investing, it's not a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a significant amount of sacrifice and discipline to achieve. Before pursuing FIRE, it's important to carefully consider one's own financial goals, risk tolerance, and personal circumstances, and to seek the advice of a financial professional.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-independence-retire-early-fire.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WScd62Xjh6I

"High Earners, Not Rich Yet" (HENRY) is a term used to describe a group of individuals who have high levels of income but have not yet reached the level of wealth or financial stability that would classify them as "rich". HENRYs typically have high salaries, but also have significant expenses, such as student loans, housing costs, and other debts, that prevent them from accumulating significant wealth. Despite their high earning power, HENRYs often struggle to save and invest enough to reach their financial goals, and may feel like they are living paycheck to paycheck. To achieve financial stability, HENRYs may need to focus on reducing their expenses, increasing their savings, and developing a sound investment strategy.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/high-earners-not-yet-rich-henrys.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMU4PjBx9Dc

An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the first time a company's stock becomes available for public purchase. It is a process by which a privately-held company can raise capital by issuing shares of stock to the public and becoming a publicly-traded company. The purpose of an IPO is to raise funds for the company's growth and expansion, and it can also provide a return on investment for early investors.

The process of going public involves several steps, including preparing a prospectus, underwriting the offering, and listing the stock on a stock exchange. The company's management must also meet with potential investors and analysts to promote the company and explain its financials and growth prospects.

The success of an IPO can be determined by the demand for the company's stock, the price at which it is offered, and the performance of the stock in the market following the offering. However, it's important to note that not all IPOs are successful, and some can experience a decline in stock price soon after the offering.

Overall, an IPO is a significant event for a company and its stakeholders, and it can have long-term implications for the company's financial health and future growth.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offering

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uax_DyTDYkE

An Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is a type of investment account specifically designed to help individuals save for their retirement. There are two main types of IRAs: Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs.

Traditional IRA: Contributions to a traditional IRA may be tax-deductible, and the investment grows tax-free until it is withdrawn, at which point it is taxed as ordinary income.

Roth IRA: Contributions to a Roth IRA are made with after-tax dollars, and qualified withdrawals in retirement are tax-free.

Both types of IRAs have contribution limits and other rules that must be followed, so it's important to consult a financial advisor or tax professional before opening an IRA or making contributions.

In general, IRAs can be a good way to save for retirement and receive some tax benefits, but it's important to consider your individual circumstances and long-term financial goals when deciding whether an IRA is right for you.

https://www.fidelity.com/building-savings/learn-about-iras/what-is-an-ira

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMJ2dkSc8Ok

The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is a financial metric that is used to calculate the profitability of an investment. It represents the annual rate of return that is expected to be earned on a project or investment, assuming that the expected future cash flows are reinvested at the IRR rate. The IRR is widely used in capital budgeting and investment analysis to determine the viability of a proposed project or investment. It helps investors and decision-makers to compare the expected return from different investments and choose the one with the highest return.

The IRR is calculated as the discount rate that makes the present value of future cash inflows equal to the initial investment. If the IRR is higher than a required rate of return, then the investment is considered to be viable and profitable. If the IRR is lower than the required rate of return, then the investment is considered to be less profitable and may not be worth pursuing.

It's important to note that IRR assumes that the cash flows generated by the investment are reinvested at the same rate, which may not always be accurate in real-world situations. In such cases, other metrics such as net present value (NPV) or modified internal rate of return (MIRR) may be used to get a more realistic picture of an investment's profitability.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/irr.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSDDrZZaV8E

An Incentive Stock Option (ISO) is a type of employee stock option that provides favorable tax treatment to the recipient compared to a non-qualified stock option (NQSO). ISOs are granted to employees of a company and give the recipient the right to purchase a specified number of shares of the company's stock at a predetermined price, known as the "exercise price," within a specified period of time.

The main advantage of ISOs is that they are eligible for favorable tax treatment, as long as the recipient holds the stock for at least one year after exercise and two years after the grant date. If these conditions are met, the recipient will pay long-term capital gains tax on any profit made when selling the stock, rather than ordinary income tax.

It's important to note that ISOs are subject to certain restrictions and limitations, such as annual limits on the number of options that can be granted and restrictions on transferring the options to others. Additionally, if the recipient decides to exercise the option and sell the stock before meeting the required holding periods, the profit made from the sale will be subject to ordinary income tax, plus a penalty.

In summary, ISOs can be a valuable benefit for employees, offering a potential source of tax-advantaged investment gains, but it's important to understand the rules and restrictions that apply.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/iso.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wi6ip88_Ibs

Joint Tenants with Rights of Survivorship (JTWROS) is a type of co-ownership of property where two or more individuals own equal shares of the property and have the right to use and possess it. The key feature of JTWROS is the right of survivorship, meaning that upon the death of one joint tenant, their share of the property automatically passes to the surviving joint tenants. This means that the deceased joint tenant's share of the property is not subject to probate and is transferred to the surviving tenants outside of the probate process.

JTWROS can be established in various forms of property, including real estate, bank accounts, and stocks. It is a popular form of ownership for married couples, siblings, and close friends who want to ensure that their property will pass to one another without the need for probate.

It's important to note that JTWROS does not provide any protection from creditors and that the joint tenants are fully responsible for any debts or liabilities incurred during their ownership of the property. Additionally, joint tenants are typically required to agree on all decisions regarding the property, including its sale or mortgage.

https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/w-000-7217?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Wb1JY5Qi0k

Joint Tenants with Rights of Survivorship

A Limited Liability Company (LLC) is a type of business structure that combines the characteristics of a corporation and a partnership. An LLC offers its owners, known as members, the personal liability protection of a corporation and the tax flexibility of a partnership. This means that the personal assets of the members are typically not at risk in the event of legal action taken against the company or if the company is unable to pay its debts.

LLCs are often favored by small business owners and entrepreneurs because they offer a relatively simple and flexible structure. In most states, there are few formal requirements for operating an LLC, and the members have a great deal of flexibility in how they manage and run the company.

Another advantage of an LLC is that it allows for a variety of ownership structures. For example, an LLC can be owned by a single individual, by multiple individuals, or by other companies. Additionally, members of an LLC can participate in the management of the company or can choose to be passive investors.

Overall, an LLC can be an attractive option for those looking for the liability protection of a corporation and the tax flexibility of a partnership. However, it's important to carefully consider the specific requirements and regulations in your state before deciding if an LLC is the right choice for your business.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_liability_company

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnAQ8MTxKhY

The NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American stock exchange that was founded in 1971. It is the second-largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization and is known for being an early adopter of electronic trading. The NASDAQ primarily deals in technology and growth-oriented stocks, making it a popular choice for investors looking to invest in these types of companies. The NASDAQ operates using a market maker system, where firms act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers to ensure a smooth and efficient trading process. Additionally, the NASDAQ operates several market indices, including the NASDAQ Composite Index, which tracks the performance of all NASDAQ-listed stocks.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/NASDAQ

National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is a stock exchange located in New York City, United States. It is the largest stock exchange in the world based on market capitalization. The NYSE is operated by Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), and it is home to many of the world's largest and most well-known companies, such as Apple, Microsoft, Coca-Cola, and others. The NYSE operates as an auction market, where buyers and sellers come together to trade stocks listed on the exchange. The prices of these stocks are determined by the supply and demand for the stock in the market. Trading on the NYSE typically takes place during regular business hours, although extended hours trading and electronic trading are also available.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogbRyjeU1IQ

Payable on Death (POD) is a type of banking arrangement where a bank account is designated to transfer to a named beneficiary upon the death of the account holder. This type of account is also referred to as a Totten trust or an in-trust-for account.

With a POD account, the account holder retains control of the funds while they are alive and can make deposits and withdrawals as needed. Upon the account holder's death, the named beneficiary becomes the owner of the funds in the account without going through probate court.

It's important to note that POD accounts are not the same as joint accounts and the named beneficiary does not have any rights to the account while the account holder is alive. Additionally, if the account holder changes their mind, they can change the named beneficiary at any time.

POD accounts can be a useful tool for estate planning, as they provide a simple and straightforward way to transfer funds to a designated beneficiary without the time and expense of going through probate court.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/payableondeath.asp

Profit Sharing Plan (PSP) is a type of retirement plan where a portion of an organization's profits are set aside and allocated to its employees. These plans are usually set up as a type of defined contribution plan, where the employee's benefit is determined by the amount of money contributed to their account, along with investment gains or losses.

In a PSP, the employer determines the amount of profits that will be allocated to the plan and contributes to the employees' accounts on a discretionary basis. The contribution is typically a percentage of the company's profits, and the amount contributed can vary from year to year depending on the financial performance of the organization.

Participation in a PSP is typically limited to certain groups of employees, such as executives or highly compensated workers. The funds in a PSP are invested, and the employees' accounts grow over time. Upon retirement, employees can receive the balance in their account as a lump sum or as an annuity.

It's important to note that PSPs are subject to certain legal requirements, such as funding and vesting rules, and are regulated by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). Additionally, PSP contributions are generally tax-deductible for the employer and taxed as ordinary income to the employee when received.

https://hoorayinsurance.co.uk/is-profit-sharing-right-for-your-business-heres-what-you-need-to-know

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIV_zZ0OYas

A Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) is a type of investment vehicle that specializes in owning and managing income-generating real estate properties. REITs allow individuals to invest in a diversified portfolio of properties, such as office buildings, apartment complexes, hotels, and shopping centers, by purchasing shares in the trust.

Investing in a REIT offers several benefits, including the potential for high income, diversification, and professional management of the properties. REITs must distribute at least 90% of their taxable income to shareholders in the form of dividends, which makes them an attractive option for income-seeking investors.

There are two types of REITs: equity REITs, which own and operate properties, and mortgage REITs, which provide financing for real estate by investing in mortgages and mortgage-backed securities.

REITs are required to be publicly traded, and their shares can be bought and sold on major stock exchanges. This allows for liquidity and accessibility to a large pool of investors.

It is important to note that investing in a REIT, like any other security, involves certain risks, such as changes in interest rates, property values, and tenant demand. As with any investment, it is important to carefully consider the risks and rewards before making a decision.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/reit.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzmyiJtvR-k

The Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) is a federal regulation that requires individuals over the age of 70 1/2 to withdraw a certain minimum amount annually from their tax-deferred retirement accounts such as Traditional IRA and 401(k) plans. The purpose of RMD is to ensure that individuals begin to pay taxes on their retirement savings, and prevent the deferral of taxes indefinitely.

The RMD amount is calculated based on the account balance at the end of the previous year and the owner's life expectancy as determined by the IRS life expectancy tables. Failure to take the RMD can result in a 50% penalty on the amount that should have been withdrawn.

It's important to note that not all retirement plans have RMDs, and certain types of accounts, such as Roth IRAs, are exempt from RMDs. Additionally, certain individuals, such as beneficiaries of inherited retirement accounts, may have different RMD requirements.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/requiredminimumdistribution.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9SAvr55LC0

The term "Year to Date" (YTD) is a financial term used to describe the total performance of an investment, company, or financial metric from the beginning of the current year to the present date. The YTD performance is a way to track progress and see how a financial entity has performed so far during the current year. This is often used to assess an investment's performance compared to its benchmark or to evaluate the overall performance of a company's financials compared to the previous year. It can also be used to evaluate a person's income, expenses, or savings so far this year compared to the same period in previous years.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/ytd.asp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3SGYKmfepg

A Business Continuity Plan (BCP) is a document that outlines how an organization will continue its critical functions during and after a disaster, accident, or any other type of disruption. The main goal of a BCP is to minimize the negative impact of an unexpected event on the business and its stakeholders.

A typical BCP includes the following components:

Risk Assessment: Identifying the potential risks and hazards that could impact the organization.

Business Impact Analysis: Determining the potential impact of the identified risks on the business operations.

Continuity Strategies: Developing strategies for maintaining essential functions in the event of a disruption.

Recovery and Restoration Plans: Outlining the steps for returning to normal operations after the disruption.

Communication Plan: Describing how the organization will communicate with its stakeholders during and after a disruption.

Testing and Maintenance: Regularly testing the BCP and updating it as necessary.

A BCP is a critical tool for ensuring the survival of an organization in the face of unexpected events, and it is essential for organizations of all sizes and types.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_continuity_planning

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZetTrqWFE_w

FTX (FTX Futures Exchange) is a cryptocurrency derivatives exchange that offers a wide range of futures contracts, as well as other financial products, such as spot markets, options, and leveraged tokens. The exchange was founded in 2019 by Sam Bankman-Fried and Gary Wang, and is headquartered in the Seychelles. It has quickly become one of the largest and most widely used cryptocurrency exchanges in the world, with a reputation for providing high-quality trading services and innovative financial products.

FTX is known for its user-friendly interface and its ability to handle high volumes of trading activity. The exchange provides a range of trading tools and resources to help traders make informed decisions, including real-time price data, order book depth, and market news.

Overall, FTX is a reputable and trusted exchange that is well-suited for both novice and experienced traders. If you're interested in trading cryptocurrency derivatives, it is definitely worth considering FTX as one of your options.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTX_(company)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbgRB3arCpY

(NSO) Nonqualified Stock Option